pDRIVE-GAPDH

GAPDH promoter (Ubiquitous) in pDRIVE expression plasmid

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a catalytic enzyme involved in glycolysis. The GAPDH gene is constitutively expressed at high levels in almost all tissues.

However, the molecular mechanism which sustains high-level expression of this ’housekeeping’ enzyme is still unclear.

The expression of GAPDH can be induced by several physiological factors in certain cell types. In adipocytes, insulin increases the levels of GAPDH mRNA through cis-acting sequences located within the GAPDH promoter [1].

In endothelial cells, GAPDH is induced by hypoxia at the transcriptional level, this upregulation occuring to a much greater extent in EC than in other cell types [2]. 

References:

1. Ercolani L. et al. 1988. Isolation and complete sequence of a functional human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. J Biol Chem. 263(30):15335-41.
2. Graven KK. et al. 1999. Identification of an oxygen responsive enhancer element in the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1447(2-3):208-18.