Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) recognizes flagellin from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Activation of the receptor stimulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, through signaling via the adaptor protein MyD88.
TLR5 can generate a proinflammatory signal as a homodimer suggesting that it might be the only TLR participating in flagellin recognition. However, TLR5 may require the presence of a co-receptor or adaptor molecule for efficient ligand recognition and/or signaling.
InvivoGen provides flagellin purified from B. subtilis (Gram+) and S. typhimurium (Gram-) bacteria and a new recombinant form.
Flagellin FliC VacciGrade™ (preclinical grade: sterile and endotoxin level HEK-Blue™ TLR5 Cells are used to validate the functionality of the TLR5 ligands).