InvivoGen’s Reviews
Inflammasome
NLRP1 & NLRP3: a tale of two inflammasome sensors
In this first newsletter of 2023, InvivoGen highlights the current knowledge about the NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasome sensors and discusses the experimental difficulty in assessing their respective role in pathophysiological contexts.
We also introduce a series of new products, including NLRP1 reporter cell lines, TLR4 reporter cell lines, as well as a new liquid formulation of our highly-cited luciferase detection reagent, QUANTI-Luc 4 Lucia/Gaussia.
Previous reviews
Products
Introducing Lucia: a new secreted luciferase
Luciferases encompass a wide range of enzymes used for bioluminescence, the emission of light produced by a living organism. Luciferases are highly prized bioindicators for life science research and drug discovery, owing to their remarkable sensitivity, lack of toxicity and wide dynamic range of quantitation.
Innate Immunity / PRR
Nod-Like Receptors
The cytosolic NOD-Like Receptors (NLRs, also known as CATERPILLERs, NODs or NALP/PAN/PYPAFs) are nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing receptors.
Innate Immunity / PRR / STING
Cytosolic DNA Sensors (CDSs): a STING in the tail
The innate immune system provides the first line of defense against infectious pathogens and serves to limit their early proliferation. It is also vital in priming and activating the adaptive immune system.
Innate Immunity / PRR
Toll-Like Receptors
Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals.
Innate Immunity / PRR
C-Type Lectin Receptors
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) comprise a large family of receptors that bind to carbohydrates in a calcium-dependent manner.
Innate Immunity / PRR
RIG-I-Like Receptors & Cytosolic DNA Sensors
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) constitute a family of cytoplasmic RNA helicases that are critical for host antiviral responses.
Vaccination
Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
The mucosal surfaces represent the largest area of exposure of the body to external pathogens. Immunoglobulin A (IgA), in its secretory form, is the main effector of the mucosal immune system and provides an important first line of defense against most pathogens that invade the body at a mucosal surface [1].
Vaccination
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are large molecules composed of two heavy chains γ and two light chains, either κ or λ.
Innate Immunity / PRR / STING
Recognition of Cytosolic DNA
The innate immune system reacts to diverse molecules of microbial origin, termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), or released from damaged or dying cells, called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
Innate Immunity / PRR
Damage-associated molecular patterns
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), also known as alarmins, are molecules released by stressed cells undergoing necrosis that act as endogenous danger signals to promote and exacerbate the inflammatory response.