Biosimilar Isotype Families
Biosimilar isotypes derived from clinically relevant antibodies
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become a major tool in autoimmunity and cancer research. They function through various mechanisms with the ultimate effect of priming either the innate or adaptive arm of the immune system.
The efficacy of antibodies is governed by their bifunctional nature: the variable region confers antigen specificity and the constant region triggers antibody-mediated effector functions by engaging a variety of Fc receptors. These effector functions include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP).
One approach employed to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic mAbs is to modify the immunoglobulin (Ig) constant region.
| Effector functions | Human isotypes | Mouse isotypes | |||||||||||||
| IgG1 | IgG2 | IgG3 | IgG4 | IgM | IgA1 | IgA2 | IgE | IgG1NQ | IgG1fut | IgG4S228P | IgG1 | IgG2a | IgA | IgG1e3 | |
| ADCC | ++ | +/- | ++ | +/- | + | + | + | + | - | ++++ | +/- | +/- | ++ | + | - |
| ADCP | +++ | +/- | ++ | + | - | + | + | - | - | +++ | + | + | +++ | + | - |
| CDC | ++ | + | +++ | - | +++ | - | - | - | +/- | ++ | - | - | ++ | - | - |
Read our review on Antibody Isotypes
Read about biosimilar immune checkpoint mAbs
InvivoGen provides a series of biosimilar antibodies for research only. They feature the variable region sequences of therapeutic antibodies, such as anti-hCD20 (rituximab, ofatumumab, obinutuzumab), anti-HER2 (trastuzumab) and anti-hPD1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), available in their original format or with different Ig isotypes, either native or engineered. These antibody isotype families will help to study and compare effector functions between different isotypes and determine which isotype is the most suitable for research application.
InvivoGen’s research-grade biosimilars are generated by recombinant DNA technology, produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and purified by affinity chromatography. They contain the human or murine kappa light chain, are sterile, free of sodium azide and validated by flow cytometry.
Large quantities are available upon request.
InvivoGen provides the following combination of target and isotype:
Anti-CD20: hIgG1, hIgG2, hIgG3, hIgG4*, hIgM*, hIgA1*, hIgA2*, hIgE*, hIgG1NQ, hIgG1fut, hIgG4 (S228P)*, mIgG1, mIgG1e3, mIgG2a*, mIgA*, dIgG2*
Anti-CTLA4: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgA2*, hIgG1NQ*, hIgG1fut, hIgG4 (S228P)
Anti-hEGFR: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgA1*, hIgG1NQ*, hIgG1fut*, hIgG4 (S228P)*
InvivoGen also offers:
Anti-β-Gal isotype controls:
• Human isotype controls
• Murine isotype controls
• Rat isotype controls
Anti-HER2: hIgG1, hIgA2, hIgG4 (S228P)
Anti-hIL-6R: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgA2*, hIgG1NQ*, hIgG1fut*, hIgG4 (S228P)
Anti-hPD-1: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgG1fut, hIgG1 (N298A), mIgG1*
Anti-hPD-L1: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgG1fut, hIgG1 (N298A), mIgG1*
Anti-hTIGIT: hIgG1, hIgG1NQ, hIgG1fut*
Anti-hRANKL: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgA2*
Anti-hTNF-a: hIgG1, hIgG2, hIgA2
Anti-hVISTA: hIgG1, hIgG1NQ, hIgG1fut
Anti-bGal: hIgG1, hIgG2*, hIgG3*, hIgG4*, hIgA2, hIgG1fut, hIgG4 (S228P), hIgG1(N298A), mIgG1*, mIgG1e3, mIgG2a*