Negative control of ODN 22016 - Class A CpG oligonucleotide - Human TLR9-preferred ligand

No TLR9 activation with ODN 2243 (ODN 2216 Control)

InvivoGen also offers:

• TLR reporter cells: HEK293, RAW, THP-1 cells
• TLR research tools: Antibodies, Inhibitors, etc.

ODN 2243 (also known as ODN 2216 Control) is designed as a negative control for the TLR9 agonist ODN 2216. ODN 2216 is an immunostimulatory Class A CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) with a preference for the human Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). CpG ODNs are short synthetic single-stranded DNA molecules containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG motifs). These unmethylated CpG motifs mimic microbial DNA and act as immunostimulants via TLR9.

More details

Mode of action

Stimulatory CpG ODNs are internalized and activate the endosomal receptor TLR9. Activation of TLR9 triggers NF-κB- and interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-mediated pro-inflammatory responses upon the recognition of unmethylated cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanosine (CpG) forms of DNA [1-3]. Unmethylated CpG dinucleotides are a hallmark of microbial (bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasite) DNA and mitochondrial self-DNA [3, 4].

CpG Class A ODNs, such as ODN 2216, are characterized by a phosphodiester (PO) central CpG-containing palindromic motif and a phosphorothioate (PS)-modified 3’ poly-G string.
InvivoGen's ODN 2243 contains GpC dinucleotides instead of CpGs and does not induce TLR9 activity [5-7].

In HEK-Blue™ hTLR9 reporter cells, ODN 2243 does not activate hTLR9 when compared to the immunostimulatory ODN 2216 (see figure).

Key features of ODN 2243

Negative control of the human TLR9-activating ODN 2216
Synthetic ODN with unmethylated GpC motifs
Each lot is functionally tested

Get more information about CpG ODNs Classes.

Read our review on TLR9 agonists: double-edged sword for immune therapies.

References

1. Kumagai Y. et al., 2008. TLR9 as a key receptor of the recognition of DNA. Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev. 60(7):795-804.
2. Heinz L.X. et al., 2021. TASL is the SLC15A4-associated adaptor for IRF5 activation by TLR7-9. Nature. 581(7808):316-322.
3. Kayraklioglu N. et al., 2021. CpG oligonucleotides as vaccine adjuvants. DNA Vaccines: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 2197. p51-77.
4. Kumar V., 2021. The trinity of cGAS, TLR9, and ALRs: guardians of the cellular galaxy against host-derived self-DNA. Front. Immunol. 11:624597.
5. Krieg A.M. et al., 1995. CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation. Nature. 374(6522):546-9.
6. Vollmer J. et al., 2004. Characterization of three CpG oligodeoxynucleotide classes with distinct immunostimulatory activities. Eur. J. Immunol. 34: 251–62.
7. Rothenfusser S. et al., 2004. CpG-A and CpG-B oligonucleotides differentially enhance human peptide-specific primary and memory CD8+ T-cell responses in vitro. Blood 103:2162-9.
8. Ayash-Rashkovsky M. et al., 2005. Enhanced HIV-1 specific immune response by CpG ODN and HIV-1 immunogen-pulsed dendritic cells confers protection in the Trimera murine model of HIV-1 infection. FASEB J. 19:1152-4.

Clear allRefined by

Products52

Research Fields6

59 Search results: raw-blue