HKSC
Heat-killed S. cerevisiae
HKSC is a heat-killed preparation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HKSC activates the β-glucan specific dectin-1 receptor, which is expressed on phagocytes. β-Glucans are glucose polymers found in the cell walls of fungi. Dectin-1 binds and internalizes β-glucans and mediates the activation of NF-κB and subsequent secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.
Specifications
Specificity: Dectin-1 agonist
Working concentration: 108 cells/ml
Endotoxin level: EndoFit™ (<0.001 EU/μg)
Contents
• 109 freeze-dried cells of heat-killed preparation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HKSC)
• 1 ml sterile endotoxin-free water
Description
HKSC is a heat-killed preparation of S.cerevisiae. HKSC activates the β-glucan specific dectin-1 receptor, which is expressed on phagocytes [1]. β-Glucans are glucose polymers found in the cell walls of fungi, such as zymosan (a cell wall preparation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Candida albicans. Dectin-1 binds and internalizes β-glucans and mediates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of NF-κB and subsequent secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. However, it is now clear that its β-glucan moiety triggers NF-κB activation only through Dectin-1 as treatment with hot alkali or organic solvents abrogates the TLR2-dependent response [2,3]. RAW-Blue™ cells express high levels of endogenous Dectin-1 and therefore can be used as a Dectin-1 reporter cell line. Stimulation of RAW-Blue™ cells with depleted zymosan or heat-killed preparations of yeast induces the activation of NF-κB in a Dectin-dependent manner. NF-κB activation can be readily monitored as RAW-Blue™ cells stably express an NF-κB-inducible SEAP reporter gene.
1. Brown GD. et al., 2003. Dectin-1 mediates the biological effects of beta-glucans. J Exp Med. 197: 1119- 24.
2. Gantner BN. et al., 2003. Collaborative induction of inflammatory respons- es by dectin-1 and Toll- likereceptor 2. J Exp Med. 197: 1107- 17.
3. ikeda Y. et al., 2008. Dissociation of Toll- like receptor 2-mediated innate immune response to Zymosan by organic solvent-treatment without loss of Dectin-1 reactivity.Biol Pharm Bull.31: 13-8.
Citations
Recent articles using HKSC
- 2012 - Nat Immunol., 13(2):152-161
Signaling via the kinase p38{alpha} programs dendritic cells to drive TH17 differentiation and autoimmune inflammation.
Huang G, Wang Y, Vogel P, Kanneganti TD, Otsu K, Chi H
ORDERING
HKSC
| Description | Heat-killed S. cerevisiae |
|---|---|
| Cat. Code | tlrl-hksc |
| Unit Size | 10e9 cells |
| Price | For price or distributor address, please select your country |